(Grade X) Computer Network and Communication

 

Book exercise

Page number 32

1. Write the full form of the following abbreviations.

i. ARPANET – Advanced Research Projects Agency Network
ii. STP – Shielded Twisted Pair
iii. NIC – Network Interface Card
iv. PAN – Personal Area Network
v. WAN – Wide Area Network
vi. FTP – File Transfer Protocol
vii. TCP/IP – Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol
viii. SMTP – Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

 

2. Select the correct answer from the given alternatives.

a. What does the term bandwidth refer to in networking?
i) The size of a cable
ii) The number of users
iii) The data transfer rate of a channel
iv) The length of a network

b. Which generation of mobile networks introduced high-speed internet and video calling?
i) 2G
ii) 3G
iii) IG
iv) 0G

c. How do data packets function in network communication?
i) They store passwords
ii) They connect printers
iii) They carry data across a network in small chunks
iv) They format hard drives

d. Why is throughput important in networking?
i) It saves storage space
ii) It measures actual data delivery speed
iii) It increases wire length
iv) It limits bandwidth

e. What type of cable is CAT6?
i) Optical cable
ii) Shielded coaxial
iii) Twisted pair for Ethernet
iv) Fiber-optic

f. Which medium is used for long-distance, high-speed data transmission?
i) CAT5
ii) Optical fiber
iii) USB
iv) HDMI

g. How does Wi-Fi transmit data?
i) Through electrical wires
ii) Using light pulses
iii) Using radio waves
iv) Through satellite signals

h. Why is RFID used in wireless communication?
i) To play music
ii) For tagging and tracking objects
iii) To watch videos
iv) For printing data

i. Which connector is commonly used in Ethernet cables?
i) RJ45
ii) HDMI
iii) USB-C
iv) VGA

j. What is the function of a media converter?
i) Print documents
ii) Convert audio to video
iii) Change data format from one media type to another
iv) Scan documents

k. How does a repeater work in a network?
i) Stops signal flow
ii) Boosts weak signals
iii) Connects users to the Internet
iv) Stores data

l. Which device selects the best and shortest path in a network?
i) Hub
ii) Modem
iii) Router
iv) Repeater

m. Why is a router important in a network?
i) It colors the cable
ii) It saves bandwidth
iii) It forwards data between networks
iv) It blocks all data

n. What topology connects all computers to a single cable?
i) Star
ii) Bus
iii) Ring
iv) Hybrid

o. Which topology is most fault-tolerant?
i) Bus
ii) Ring
iii) Star
iv) None

p. How is a PAN different from a LAN?
i) PAN is for citywide connection
ii) PAN is used for satellites
iii) PAN connects personal devices in a small area
iv) PAN has higher bandwidth

q. What kind of network covers a large geographical area?
i) LAN
ii) PAN
iii) MAN
iv) WAN

r. Which architecture includes a central server and client computers?
i) Peer-to-Peer
ii) Hybrid
iii) Client-Server
iv) Ring

s. Why is peer-to-peer networking suitable for small businesses?
i) Requires high-end servers
ii) Cheaper and easy to maintain
iii) Slower speeds
iv) Uses satellites

t. What is the length of an IPv4 address?
i) 64-bit
ii) 32-bit
iii) 16-bit
iv) 128-bit

u. How does IPv6 solve the limitations of IPv4?
i) Uses less data
ii) Has shorter addresses
iii) Provides more IP addresses
iv) Blocks users

v. Which network is used only within an organization?
i) Internet
ii) Extranet
iii) Intranet
iv) WAN

w. What is the main difference between the Internet and Intranet?
i) The Internet is faster
ii) The Intranet is private and for internal use
iii) The Internet has no users
iv) The Intranet needs satellites

x. How does an Extranet differ from an Intranet?
i) Extranet is used only at home
ii) Extranet allows limited external access
iii) Extranet is faster
iv) Intranet requires satellite signals

 

3. Write Short Answer Questions for the following:

 a. What is telecommunication, and why is it important in today's world?

Telecommunication is the transmission of information over a distance using electronic devices such as telephones, mobile phones, radios, and the Internet. It is important because it helps people communicate, share information, and conduct business quickly and efficiently.

 .b. How does broadband differ from a traditional dial-up connection?

Broadband is a high-speed Internet connection that is always connected to the Internet. Dial-up uses telephone lines and connect at a much slower speed. Broadband allows faster browsing, downloading, and streaming.

 c. What is meant by bandwidth in data communication?

Bandwidth is the maximum amount of data that can be transmitted through a communication channel in a given period of time. It is usually measured in bits per second (bps).

 d. Why is throughput a more accurate measure of network performance than bandwidth alone?

Throughput measures the actual amount of data successfully transferred over a network. Since network traffic and errors can reduce speed, throughput gives a more realistic picture of network performance than bandwidth.

 e. What are data packets, and how do they function in network communication?

Data packets are small units of data sent across a network. A large message is divided into packets, transmitted separately, and then reassembled at the destination.

 f. Why is frequency important in wireless communication?

Frequency determines how wireless signals are transmitted through the air. Different frequencies affect the speed, range, and quality of communication.

 g. What is the difference between wired and wireless communication media?

Feature	Guided Media (wired )	Unguided Media (wireless )
Definition	Data travels through physical wires or cables	Data travels through air (wireless)
Examples	Twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, fiber optic	Radio waves, microwaves, infrared
Medium	Has a physical path	No physical path
Speed	Usually faster	Usually slower
Cost	Can be cheaper for short distances	Can be cost-effective for wide areas
Security	More secure	Less secure (signals can be intercepted)
Installation	Needs physical setup	Easier to set up (no wires)

h. How does Wi-Fi enable wireless networking in homes and offices?

Wi-Fi uses radio waves to connect devices such as computers, smartphones, and tablets to a network and the Internet without using cables.

 i. What is the role of Bluetooth in personal area networks (PAN)?

Bluetooth allows nearby devices to communicate wirelessly over a short distance. It is commonly used to connect phones, headphones, keyboards, and other devices.

 j. Why is satellite communication useful in remote or rural areas?

Satellite communication can provide communication services in places where cables and mobile towers are not available, making it useful for remote and rural areas.

 k. What is the function of an RJ45 connector in networking?

An RJ45 connector is used to connect Ethernet cables to networking devices such as computers, switches, and routers.

 l. How does a media converter work, and why is it used in networks?

A media converter converts data signals from one type of transmission media to another, such as from copper cable to fiber optic cable. It helps connect different network technologies.

 m. What is a repeater, and how does it help in extending network range?

A repeater is a network device that receives weak signals, strengthens them, and retransmits them. It helps extend the distance a network can cover.

 n. What is a network topology?

Network topology is the physical or logical arrangement of devices and communication links in a network.

 o. How does a star topology work, and why is it commonly used?

In a star topology, all devices are connected to a central hub or switch. It is commonly used because it is easy to install, manage, and troubleshoot.

 p. What is a PAN, and how is it different from a LAN?

A Personal Area Network (PAN) connects personal devices within a short range, such as a phone and a headset. A Local Area Network (LAN) connects multiple devices within a larger area such as a home, office, or school.

 q. How is a WAN different from a MAN in terms of coverage and usage?

A MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) covers a city or town, while a WAN (Wide Area Network) covers a very large geographical area such as countries or continents.

 r. What is a client-server architecture?

Client-server architecture is a network model where client computers request services or resources from a central server that manages and provides them.

 s. Why is a peer-to-peer network more suitable for small organizations or home setups?

Peer-to-peer networks are inexpensive, easy to set up, and do not require a dedicated server, making them suitable for small organizations and homes.

 t. How does the client-server model help in centralizing control?

The client-server model stores data and manages resources on a central server, making administration, security, and data management easier.

 u. What is an IP address, and why is it necessary in networking?

An IP address is a unique numerical address assigned to a device on a network. It is necessary because it identifies devices and helps data reach the correct destination.

 v. How are IPv4 addresses different from IPv6 addresses?

IPv4 addresses are 32-bit addresses and provide a limited number of unique addresses. IPv6 addresses are 128-bit addresses and provide a much larger number of unique addresses.

 w. What is the Internet, and how is it different from an intranet?

The Internet is a global public network accessible to everyone. An intranet is a private network used within an organization and accessible only to authorized users.

 

4. Write Long Answer Questions for the following:

 a. What is a computer network? List the advantages and disadvantages of computer networks.

A computer network is a collection of two or more computers and devices connected together to share data, resources, and services.

 

Advantages of Computer Networks:

·       Resource sharing (printers, files, and software).

·       Easy communication between users.

·       Faster data sharing.

·       Centralized data management.

·       Cost-effective resource utilization.

 

Disadvantages of Computer Networks:

·       Security risks and cyberattacks.

·       High setup and maintenance costs.

·       Network failures can disrupt communication.

·       Requires skilled personnel for management.

·       Viruses can spread quickly through the network.

 

b. What are the components of a computer network?

The main components of a computer network are:

Computers (Clients and Servers) – Devices that send and receive data.

Network Interface Card (NIC) – Connects a computer to the network.

Transmission Media – Cables or wireless signals used for communication.

Hub/Switch – Connects multiple devices in a network.

Router – Connects different networks and forwards data.

Modem – Connects a network to the Internet.

Network Software – Controls communication between devices.

 

c. Explain the LAN, MAN, and WAN with figures.

	LAN	MAN	WAN
Area Covered	Room, building	City, village	Across the cities, country
Transmission media	Guided/wired	Wired/wireless	Often Wireless
Transmission speed	Fastest	Faster	Fast
Reliable	Highly	Reliable	Less reliable

Figure Page number- 19/20/21

d. What is topology? Explain different types of topology with suitable diagram.

Topology refers to the arrangement of computers and communication links in a network.

 

e. Differentiate between Client-Server Network and Peer-to-Peer Network.

Feature	Peer-to-Peer Network	Client-Server Network
Definition	Every computer acts as both client and server.	Central server provides services to all clients.
Control	No central control. Each user manages their own device.	Centralized control and management through server.
Security	Less secure – each user handles their own security.	More secure – security is managed centrally.
Performance	Slower with more devices sharing resources.	Faster – dedicated server handles requests.
Examples	File sharing at home, LAN games.	Banking systems, school or office networks with login servers.

 Figure Page number- 22/23

Feature	Twisted Pair Cable	Coaxial Cable	Optical Fiber Cable
Structure	Two wires twisted together	Single copper wire with insulation and shielding	Glass or plastic fibers that carry light
Speed	Low to moderate	Moderate	Very high
Distance	Short distances	Medium distances	Long distances
Cost	Cheapest	Moderate cost	Most expensive
Use	Telephone lines, LAN	TV cables, internet	High-speed internet, long-distance communication