(Grade IX) Chapter 1: Introduction to Computer System (Part 3: Motherboard and Data Bus)
Multiple Choice
Questions:
aWhich of the
following is known as brain of a computer.
i.
Motherboard ii. CPU iii.
RAM iv.
Monitor
b. Which is an
output device?
i.
Microphone ii.
Scanner iii. Plotter iv.
QR Code Scanner
с. The new…
integrates the function of a processor, memory, and video on a single chip.
i. Chip
processor ii. System
on a chip iii. Power
processor iv. Microprocessor
d. Amemory that
is placed between CPU and main memory is called…...
i.
RAM ii. Cache iii.ROM iv.
Secondary
e. The speed of
the hard disk is measured in …………..
i.
Mgh ii.
khz iii. rpm
iv. rcm
f. A …………………is
used to read handwritten or printed text to make a digital image that is stored
in memory.
i.
Touchpad ii.Laser
beam iii.
Printer iv. Scanner
g.Which hardware
device is used to store data for a long period?
i. Secondary
storage ii.
Data input Iii.
CPU iv.
RAM chip
h. The box that
contains the central electronic components of the computer is the……
i. Input
device ii.
Peripheral iii. System
unit iv.
Motherboard
Give Appropriate
Technical Terms
a.The tools that
allow us to interact with a computer by sending information to it. – Input
Devices
b.An pointing input device that helps you control and interact with a computer.
– Mouse
с. An input
device that lets you type letters, numbers, and symbols. – Keyboard
d. A device that
captures sound and turns it into electrical signals. .– Microphone
e. A device that
copies physical documents, photos, or drawings and turns the into digital files
on a computer. – Scanner
f. A display
that lets you interact with a device by touching the screen with you fingers or
a stylus.
– Touchscreen
g The small,
fast storage areas inside the CPU that temporarily hold data and instructions.
– Registers
h.The main
circuit board inside a computer connects all the different parts.
– Motherboard
i.A system
of wires inside a computer that carries data between different parts – Bus
j. The smallest
unit of data. – Bit
k. A small,
super-fast type of memory that stores frequently used data and instructions to
help the computer run faster. – Cache Memory
l. The hardware
components used to store, retrieve, and manage data – Storage Devices
m.The storage
devices that store data use lasers to read and write information.
– Optical Drives
n.A small,
portable flash storage device used to store and transfer data. – USB Flash
Drive
o.A way to store
your files, like documents, photos, and videos, on the internet . – Cloud
Storage
p.The hardware
that allows the computer to communicate information to the user or other
devices.
– Output
Devices
q. The physical
connectors on a computer or device that allow you to plug in different
hardware. – Ports
г. The most
frequently used HD signal for transferring both high-definition audio and video
over a single cable. – HDMI
s.A connector
used to transmit audio signals between devices – Audio Jack
Short Answer
Questions
a,b and c-Part 2
or part 4
d. Mention
the functions performed by ALU.
Answer: The ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) performs
all arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, etc.)
and logical operations (AND, OR, NOT, comparisons) within the CPU.
e. Define
cache memory.
Answer: Cache Memory: A high-speed memory that temporarily stores
frequently used data and instructions to speed up computer processing.
Functions of Cache Memory
- Stores frequently accessed data and instructions
- Reduces the time required to access data from RAM.
- Increases the overall speed and performance of the computer.
- Helps the CPU process tasks more efficiently.
f. What is
CPU? How does it work?
Answer: The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the main processing
unit of a computer. It performs instructions from programs using three main
parts:
Control
Unit – Directs operations.
ALU –
Executes computations.
Registers –
Store data temporarily.
It fetches, decodes, and executes instructions in a cycle.
g. What is
computer memory? Write its major classification.
Answer: Computer memory is the storage space used to store data and
instructions.
Classifications:
· Primary
Memory – RAM, ROM, Cache
· Secondary
Memory – HDD, SSD, CD/DVD
· Tertiary/Backup
Storage – External drives, cloud
· Volatile
and Non-Volatile memory
h. Why is
secondary memory used for future storage? Explain its types.
Answer: Secondary memory stores data permanently and
is non-volatile.
Types include:
· Magnetic
storage (HDDs)
· Optical
storage (CDs, DVDs)
· Solid-State
Drives (SSDs)
· Flash
drives
i. How does
a computer mouse work? Who developed it?
Answer: A mouse detects movement on a surface and translates it
into cursor movement. It uses optical or laser sensors.
It was invented by Douglas Engelbart in the 1960s.
j. Define
data bus and motherboard.
Answer: Data Bus: Path that transfers data between CPU, memory, and
peripherals.
Motherboard: Main
circuit board connecting all components of a computer.
k. What is
cloud storage?
Answer: Cloud storage is an online storage service that allows users
to store and access files over the Internet.
l. Differentiate
between:
i. RAM vs ROM
|
Feature |
RAM (Random
Access Memory) |
ROM (Read-Only
Memory) |
|
Volatility |
Volatile (data
lost when power off) |
Non-volatile
(data retained after power off) |
|
Function |
Temporarily
stores data for active processes |
Stores
firmware or
BIOS |
|
Read/Write
Capability |
Read and write |
Mostly
read-only (can be rewritten in special types) |
|
Speed |
Faster |
Slower
compared to
RAM |
|
Usage |
Running
applications, system processes |
Booting
system, storing permanent instructions |
ii. Input Unit
vs Output Unit
(Part 2 )
iii. Primary vs
Secondary Memory
|
Feature |
Primary
Memory |
Secondary
Memory |
|
Definition |
Primary
memory, also known as main memory, refers to the
computer's internal memory that is directly accessible by the CPU.
It temporarily stores data and instructions currently being used. |
Secondary
memory, also known as external or auxiliary memory, refers
to non-volatile storage used to store data and
programs permanently. |
|
Access Speed |
Faster |
Slower |
|
Volatility |
Volatile
(mostly) |
Non-volatile |
|
Function |
Stores data
currently in use by CPU |
Stores data
and files permanently |
|
Examples |
RAM, Cache
memory |
HDD, SSD, USB
drives, Optical disks |
iv. HDD vs SSD
|
Feature |
HDD (Hard Disk
Drive) |
SSD (Solid
State Drive) |
|
Definition |
HDD (Hard Disk
Drive) is a non-volatile storage device that uses magnetic disks
to store and retrieve digital data. |
SSD (Solid
State Drive) is a high-speed storage device that uses flash
memory to store data with no moving parts. |
|
Speed |
Slower
read/write speeds |
Much faster
read/write speeds |
|
Noise |
Can be
noisy |
Silent
operation |
|
Power
Consumption |
Higher |
Lower |
Long Answer
Questions
a,b, c in part 2
or part 4
d. Compare
the modern display technologies such as LCD and LED screens.
|
Feature |
LCD (Liquid
Crystal Display) |
LED (Light
Emitting
Diode) |
|
Definition |
LCD (Liquid
Crystal Display) is a flat-panel display technology that uses
liquid crystals and a backlight to produce images. |
LED (Light
Emitting Diode)is a display technology that uses LEDs for backlighting in
screens, offering better brightness and energy efficiency than traditional
LCDs. |
|
Backlighting |
Uses CCFL
(Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp) backlight |
Uses LEDs
(Light Emitting Diodes) for backlighting |
|
Brightness |
Lower
brightness |
Brighter
display |
|
Picture
Quality |
Good, but
lower compared to
LED |
Superior
picture quality |
e. Define
the role of processing devices in a computer system. How does a CP function as
the "brain" of the computer?
Answer:
Processing devices interpret and execute instructions.
The CPU:
· Fetches
instructions from memory
· Decodes
them
· Executes
using ALU
· Controls
other components via the control unit
It is called the “brain” as it handles all operations.
f. What are
storage devices, and how are they classified?
Answer:
Primary Storage-
Fast, temporary storage directly accessed by the CPU
examples:RAM,
Cache Memory
Secondary
Storage-Long-term storage used for saving data and programs.
examples:HDD,
SSD, USB Drive, CD/DVD
Tertiary Storage
- Used for large archives, slow
access.
examples:Tape
Drives, Optical Jukeboxes
Cloud
Storage-Internet-based remote storage accessed via network.
examples:Google
Drive, OneDrive, Dropbox
g. What is
a motherboard, and why is it considered the backbone of a computer?
Answer:The motherboard is the main circuit board connecting CPU,
memory, and peripherals.
It is the backbone because:
· All
components communicate through it
· It
distributes power
· Enables
input/output device integration
· Houses
essential buses and chipsets