(Grade X)Chapter 4- Programming in Python-Function exercise

 


Book exercise

Page number 193

 Select the correct answer from the given alternatives:

 a. Which of the following statements is false about user defined function in Python?

i. Function may or may not return value.
ii. Function never returns value.
iii. Function can return multiple values.
iv. Function must be called in order to execute.

b. Which keyword is used to define a user-defined function in Python?
i. fun
ii. def
iii. create
iv. define

c. What are the variables which appear in the function definition called?
i. Arguments
ii. Local
iii. Parameters
iv. Global

d. In which arguments the values are transferred from the arguments to the parameters based on their position?
i. Positional
ii. Default
iii. Order
iv. Arbitrary

e. Which arguments are used when the number of arguments that have to be passed into a function is not known in advance?
i. Positional
ii. Default
iii. Keyword
iv. Arbitrary

f. Which variable has limited scope and cannot be accessed from other part of the program?
i. Local
ii. Limited
iii. Global
iv. Keyword

g. Variables declared inside a function have……
i. No scope
ii. Local scope
iii. Unlimited scope
iv. Global scope

h. What does the return statement do in a Python function?
i. Prints output to the console.
ii. Takes input from the user.
iii. Sends a value back to the calling function.
iv. Defines the function.

 

Page number-195

2. Short Answer Questions

 a. What is function? List the different types of function.

A function is a block of code that performs a specific task and can be reused whenever needed.

Types of functions:

Built-in Functions

User Defined Functions

 

b. Define parameters and arguments.

Parameters are variables listed in the function definition that receive values.

Arguments are the actual values passed to a function when it is called.

Example:

def add(a, b):   # a and b are parameters

    print(a + b)

 add(5, 3)        # 5 and 3 are arguments

 

c. Explain local and global variables.

Local Variable: A variable declared inside a function and can only be used within that function.

Global Variable: A variable declared outside a function and can be accessed throughout the program.

Example:

x = 10      # Global variable

 

def show():

    y = 5   # Local variable

    print(y)

 

show()

print(x)

 

d. Write the syntax of creating user defined function.

Syntax:

def function_name(parameters):

    statements

Example:

def greet():

    print("Hello")

 

e. What is the purpose of the return keyword in a Python function?

The return keyword is used to send a value back from a function to the place where the function was called.

Example:

def add(a, b):

    return a + b

 

result = add(2, 3)

print(result)

 

4. Long Answer Questions

 

a. Write the advantages of creating user defined function in a program.

Advantages of user defined functions are:

Code Reusability: The same code can be used multiple times.

Reduces Repetition: Avoids writing the same code again and again.

Easy Debugging: Errors can be found and corrected easily.

Improves Readability: Makes programs easier to understand.

Simplifies Maintenance: Changes can be made in one place.

Modular Programming: Large programs can be divided into smaller manageable parts.

Saves Time and Effort: Reduces programming workload.

 

b. Explain the different types of function arguments with examples.

1. Positional Arguments

Arguments are passed in the same order as parameters.

def student(name, age):

    print(name, age)

 

student("Ram", 15)

2. Keyword Arguments

Arguments are passed using parameter names.

def student(name, age):

    print(name, age)

 

student(age=15, name="Ram")

3. Default Arguments

Parameters are assigned default values.

def greet(name="Guest"):

    print("Hello", name)

 

greet()

greet("Ram")

4. Variable Length Arguments

A function can accept any number of arguments using *args.

def total(*num):

    print(sum(num))

 

total(10, 20, 30)

 

c. Differentiate between functions that return a value (non-void) and those that do not (void). Explain with examples.

Void Function

Non-Void Function

Does not return any value.

Returns a value using return.

Performs a task and ends.

Performs a task and sends a result back.

Result cannot be stored directly.

Result can be stored in a variable.

Example of Void Function

def greet():

    print("Welcome")

 

greet()

Output:

Welcome

 

Example of Non-Void Function

def add(a, b):

    return a + b

 

result = add(5, 3)

print(result)

Output:

8

 

Lab sheet 1 

1.     Write a program to calculate simple interest when principle, rate and time is given by the user using a function. [Hints: I=PTR/100]

def simple_interest(p, r, t):

    si = (p * r * t) / 100

    return si

 

principle = float(input("Enter principle: "))

rate = float(input("Enter rate: "))

time = float(input("Enter time: "))

result = simple_interest(principle, rate, time)

print("Simple Interest =", result)

 

2.     Write a program to calculate the area of a circle by creating user defined function.[ Hints:A-IR²]

def area_circle(r):

    area = 3.14 * r * r

    return area

 

radius = float(input("Enter radius: "))

result = area_circle(radius)

print("Area of Circle =", result)

 

3.     Write a program to calculate the total surface area of a room by using user defined function.. [Hints: TSA=2(LB+BH+HL)]

def total_surface_area(l, b, h):

    tsa = 2 * (l*b + b*h + h*l)

    return tsa

 

length = float(input("Enter length: "))

breadth = float(input("Enter breadth: "))

height = float(input("Enter height: "))

result = total_surface_area(length, breadth, height)

print("Total Surface Area =", result)

 

4.     Write a program to check whether the given number is even or odd by using function.

def check_even_odd(n):

    if n % 2 == 0:

        print("Even Number")

    else:

        print("Odd Number")

 

num = int(input("Enter a number: "))

check_even_odd(num)

5.     Write a program to display the smallest number among any two numbers given by the user using function.

def smallest(a, b):

    if a < b:

        print("Smallest number is", a)

    else:

        print("Smallest number is", b)

 

x = int(input("Enter first number: "))

y = int(input("Enter second number: "))

smallest(x, y)

 

6.     Write a program to display the greatest number among the three different numbers given by the user by creating user defined function.

def greatest(a, b, c):

    if a > b and a > c:

        print("Greatest number is", a)

    elif b > c:

        print("Greatest number is", b)

    else:

        print("Greatest number is", c)

 

x = int(input("Enter first number: "))

y = int(input("Enter second number: "))

z = int(input("Enter third number: "))

greatest(x, y, z)

 

7.     Write a program to check whether the given number is positive, negative or neutral by using function.

def check_number(n):

    if n > 0:

        print("Positive Number")

    elif n < 0:

        print("Negative Number")

    else:

        print("Neutral Number")

 

num = int(input("Enter a number: "))

check_number(num)

 

8.     Write a program to input Selling price and Cost price from the user and calculate the profit amount or loss Amount or display neither profit nor loss by using function.

def profit_loss(cp, sp):

    if sp > cp:

        print("Profit Amount =", sp - cp)

    elif cp > sp:

        print("Loss Amount =", cp - sp)

    else:

        print("Neither Profit Nor Loss")

 

cp = float(input("Enter Cost Price: "))

sp = float(input("Enter Selling Price: "))

profit_loss(cp, sp)

 

9.      Write a program to display the sum of all the numbers from 1 to 20 by using function.

def sum_numbers():

    total = 0

    for i in range(1, 21):

        total += i

    print("Sum =", total)

sum_numbers()

 

10.  Write a program to create user defined function factors(n) to display the factors of the given number.

def factors(n):

    print("Factors are:")

    for i in range(1, n + 1):

        if n % i == 0:

            print(i)

 

num = int(input("Enter a number: "))

factors(num)

 

or


def factors(n):

    result = []

    for i in range(1, n + 1):

        if n % i == 0:

            result.append(i)

    return result

 

num = int(input("Enter a number: "))

f = factors(num)

print("Factors are:")

for i in f:

    print(i)

11.  Write a program to display the factorial of a given number by creating user defined function.

def factorial(n):

    fact = 1

    for i in range(1, n + 1):

        fact = fact * i

    return fact

 

num = int(input("Enter a number: "))

result = factorial(num)

print("Factorial =", result)

 

12.  Write a program to display whether the given number is prime or composite by creating user defined function.

def check_prime(n):

    count = 0

    for i in range(1, n + 1):

        if n % i == 0:

            count += 1

 

    if count == 2:

        print("Prime Number")

    else:

        print("Composite Number")

 

num = int(input("Enter a number: "))

check_prime(num)

 

13.  Write a program to create a user defined function reverse(n) to display the given number in reverse order.

def reverse(n):

    rev = 0

 

    while n > 0:

        digit = n % 10

        rev = rev * 10 + digit

        n = n // 10

    return rev

 

num = int(input("Enter a number: "))

result = reverse(num)

print("Reversed Number =", result)

 

14.  Write a program to display the sum of individual digits of a given number by using function.

def digit_sum(n):

    total = 0

    while n > 0:

        digit = n % 10

        total += digit

        n = n // 10

    return total

 

num = int(input("Enter a number: "))

result = digit_sum(num)

print("Sum of Digits =", result)

 

15.  Write a program to count the number of consonants present in the given word by using function.

   def consonants(w):

    c = 0

    u = w.upper()

    for i in u:

        if i != 'A' and i != 'E' and i != 'I' and i != 'O' and i != 'U':

            c = c + 1

    return c

 

w = input("Enter the word: ")

v = consonants(w)

print("Number of consonants are", v)

 

      

 

16.  Write a program to count the number of characters A/a present in the given word by using function.

def count_a(word):

    count = 0

    for ch in word:

        if ch == 'A' or ch == 'a':

            count += 1

    return count

 

text = input("Enter a word: ")

result = count_a(text)

print("Number of A/a =", result)

 

17.  Write a program to display the shortest word among two different words by creating function named short()

def short(word1, word2):

    if len(word1) < len(word2):

        print("Shortest word is", word1)

    else:

        print("Shortest word is", word2)

 

w1 = input("Enter first word: ")

w2 = input("Enter second word: ")

short(w1, w2)

 

18.  Write a program to store five numbers in the list. The program should then display the product of all the numbers by creating user defined function and store them in the list.

def product_list(lst):

    product = 1

    for num in lst:

        product *= num

    return product

 

numbers = []

for i in range(5):

    n = int(input("Enter number: "))

    numbers.append(n)

result = product_list(numbers)

 

print("Product =", result)

 

19.  Write a program to input ten numbers from the user. The program should then display the greatest number among ten numbers by using function.

def greatest(lst):

    max_num = lst[0]

 

    for num in lst:

        if num > max_num:

            max_num = num

    return max_num

numbers = []

 

for i in range(10):

    n = int(input("Enter number: "))

    numbers.append(n)

result = greatest(numbers)

print("Greatest number =", result)

 

20.  Write a program to calculate the to calculate the area and volume of a cylinder Create a user defined function area() to calculate area and volume() to calculate volume. [Hints: A=2IRH,V=IR-H] defined function

def area(radius, height):

    area_value = 2 * 3.14 * radius * height

    return area_value

 

 

def volume(radius, height):

    volume_value = 3.14 * radius * radius * height

    return volume_value

 

 

radius = float(input("Enter radius: "))

height = float(input("Enter height: "))

area_result = area(radius, height)

volume_result = volume(radius, height)

print("Area =", area_result)

print("Volume =", volume_result)

 

21.  Write a program to input two numbers from the user. Create a user to display sum, product and difference among two numbers by returning multiple values.

def calculate(a, b):

    s = a + b

    p = a * b

    d = a - b

    return s, p, d

 

x = int(input("Enter first number: "))

y = int(input("Enter second number: "))

 

sum1, product, difference = calculate(x, y)

print("Sum =", sum1)

print("Product =", product)

print("Difference =", difference)

 

22.  Write a program to display the greatest and smallest number among three different numbers by creating separate user defined function.

def greatest(a, b, c):

    return max(a, b, c)

 

def smallest(a, b, c):

    return min(a, b, c)

 

x = int(input("Enter first number: "))

y = int(input("Enter second number: "))

z = int(input("Enter third number: "))

print("Greatest number =", greatest(x, y, z))

print("Smallest number =", smallest(x, y, z))

 

23.  Write a program to input a word from the user. The program should then display the reverse and alternate characters by creating function.

def reverse_word(word):

    rev = ""

    for ch in word:

        rev = ch + rev

    return rev


def alternate_char(word):

    alt = ""

    for i in range(len(word)):

        if i % 2 == 0:

            alt = alt + word[i]

    return alt


text = input("Enter a word: ")

print("Reverse =", reverse_word(text))

print("Alternate characters =", alternate_char(text))

 

24.  Write a program to calculate the area and perimeter of a room by returning multiple values in function. [Hints: a=lxb, v=lxbxh]

def room(l, b):

    area = l * b

    perimeter = 2 * (l + b)

    return area, perimeter

 

length = float(input("Enter length: "))

breadth = float(input("Enter breadth: "))

a, p = room(length, breadth)

print("Area =", a)

print("Perimeter =", p)